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钟建英's avatar

Might part of the problem is the tendency of elites educated in Western liberalism to criticise anything that involves planning as “authoritarianism”.

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John McIntire's avatar

I was WB Director for Senegal, the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, and Cape Verde (2000-04); and for Tanzania, Uganda, and Burundi (2007-11) having worked in Africa from 1977-1989 as a researcher. I believe what you write about lack of ambition and lack of long-term planning is true. Let me give some examples. Indian PM Singh once visited Ethiopia and Tanzania. Some members of Singh’s team expressed astonishment at the contrast between Ethiopia and Tanzania. In Ethiopia, the locals prepared the visit exhaustively — plans for projects, investments, partnerships, logistics of the investments, costings—and the Indian delegation was impressed. The Tanzanians basically said “ Oh you’re here; what would you like to see ?” The Indian delegation was not impressed. In Senegal (and in Gambia and in Guinea Bissau and in Burundi and in Cote dÍvoire) there was national variants on a main theme; an erratic head of state (eg, Abdoulaye Wade in Senegal) flipping from one imaginary unrealistic project to the next and never getting anything done. In all those countries I was approached by foreign investors (public and private) who asked pointed questions about the business environment; my answer was always — “You should be asking the local officials and private bankers”; to which the potential investors replied “ We get the run around or we get obvious lies (about project variability, land acquisition, financing, etc). [This indolence works both ways; the contrast between the Norwegian fossil fuels team in Tanzania (informed, organized) and the Brits (acted as if they still owned the place)] The advisors around Ministers, PMs, and Heads of State tended to have no idea what to do (I had many meetings with senior officials where their advisors would accost me in panic outside the boss’s door just before the meeting to say; “ can you give me a brief so I know what to say to my chief ? “ The WB Chief Economist, Justin Lin, visited Tanzania in 2011 and we met Pres Kikwete. Lin’s purpose was to tell JK — China is losing > 40 m jobs because rising wages make some industries uncompetitive; those jobs will go elsewhere; many could come here to Tanzania; and we could work with you on planning for them to come here because your country’s location and labor force give it great export potential. Kikwete and his chief economic adviser, Elsie Kanza, nodded politely and did nothing. Etc etc etc. All this, by the way, is one reason to support Tidjane Thiam for President of Cote d’Ívoire because I think he would have a serious long-term vision and realistic ideas on how to realize that vision.

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